Santarém is the second city in the state of Pará and one of the region's most beautiful cities, situated at the confluence of the Rivers Tapajós and Amazon. Santarém used to be inhabited by the Tapajós Indians.

Ceramic pots recently found at the archaeological site on Taperinha, reveal the existence of an advanced pre Andean civilization, which has led to new interpretations in relation to the human occupation of the American continent.